近日，科学观察(Science Watch)回顾了2007-2008年的全世界所发表的科学论文，从中评出了引用率最高的42篇论文，其中生物医学相关的有24篇，反映了当前最热门的生物医学研究课题，包括多能干细胞、microRNA、生物信息、基因分析、免疫、心血管、肿瘤、糖尿病、精神病、遗传病等，主要为基础研究与临床应用相结合的研究课题。发布在《新英格兰医学杂志》(New Engl. J. Med.)的有12篇，《自然》(Nature)及其子刊有8篇，其他杂志(J. Clin. Oncol.、PloS Med.、Science、Immunity)4篇。现将上述论文及其引用次数摘录如下，供大家参考。

I.H. Park, et al., "Reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency with defined factors," Nature, 451(7175): 141-6, 10 January 2008.  116 

F.M. Brunkhorst, et al., "Intensive insulin therapy and pentastarch resuscitation in severe sepsis," New Engl. J. Med., 358(2): 125-39, 10 January 2008.  112 

M. Nakagawa, et al., "Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells without Myc from mouse and human fibroblasts," Nature Biotech., 26(1): 101-6, January 2008.  102 

S. Yusuf, et al., "Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events," New Engl. J. Med., 358(15): 1547-59, 10 April 2008.  84

E.H. Turner, et al., "Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy," New Engl. J. Med., 358(3): 252-60, 17 January 2008.  77 

J.J.P. Kastelein, et al., "Simvastatin with or without ezetimibe in familial hypercholesterolemia," New Engl. J. Med., 358(14): 1431-3, 3 April 2008.  69 
H.C. Gerstein, et al., "Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes," New Engl. J. Med., 358(24): 2545-59, 12 June 2008.  65 

P. Gaede, et al., "Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes," New Engl. J. Med., 358(6): 580-91, 7 February 2008.  64 
C.L. Sprung, et al., "Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with septic shock," New Engl. J. Med., 358(2): 111-24, 10 January 2008.  64 

A. Lievre, et al., "KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab," J. Clin. Oncol., 26(3): 374-9, 20 January 2008.  55 

A. Patel, et al., "Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes," New Engl. J. Med., 358(24): 2560-72, 12 June 2008.  52 

S.L. Hauser, et al., "B-cell depletion with rituximab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis," New Engl. J. Med., 358(7): 676-88, 14 February 2008.  51

E. Zeggini, et al., "Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes," Nature Genetics, 40(5): 638-45, May 2008.  50 

S. Kathiresan, et al., "Six new loci associated with blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglycerides in humans," Nature Genetics, 40(2): 189-97, February 2008.  49

C.J. Willer, et al., "Newly identified loci that influence lipid concentrations and risk of coronary artery disease," Nature Genetics, 40(2): 161-9, February 2008.  49

S. Mallal, et al., "HLA-B*5701 screening for hypersensitivity to abacavir," New Engl. J. Med., 358(6): 568-79, 7 February 2008.  49 

N.S. Beckett, et al., "Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older," New Engl. J. Med., 358(18): 1887-98, 1 May 2008.  48

T.E. Thorgeirsson, et al., "A variant associated with nicotine dependence, lung cancer and peripheral arterial disease," Nature, 452(7187): 638-42, 3 April 2008.  47

S.F. Tavazoie, et al., "Endogenous human microRNAs that suppress breast cancer metastasis," Nature, 451(7175): 147-52, 10 January 2008.  47

I. Kirsch, et al., "Initial severity and antidepressant benefits: A meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration," PloS Med., 5(2): 260-8, February 2008.  46 

R.J. Hung, et al., "A susceptibility locus for lung cancer maps to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes on 15q25," Nature, 452(7187): 633-7, 3 April 2008.  45 

T. Walsh, et al., "Rare structural variants disrupt multiple genes in neurodevelopmental pathways in schizophrenia," Science, 320(5875): 539-43, 25 April 2008.  43

L.A. Weiss, et al., "Association between microdeletion and microduplication at 16p11.2 and autism," New Engl. J. Med., 358(7): 667-75, 14 February 2008.  42 

X.X.O. Yang, et al., "T helper 17 lineage differentiation is programmed by orphan nuclear receptors RORa and ROR?," Immunity, 28(1): 29-39, January 2008.  42